Understanding the barriers of port logistics for effective operation in the Industry 4.0 era: Data-driven decision making

Port logistics plays an important role in moving physical resources across the globe. The study aims to identify and analyze barriers associated with port logistics in Industry 4.0 era for emerging economies. A total of eighteen key barriers were selected from the literature and finalized by conducting a multi-stage workshop by considering the views of stakeholders. A TISM has been used to develop a hierarchical model that reveals the inter-dependencies among the barrier. MICMAC analysis was applied to categories the barriers into clusters depending on dependence and driving power. Results highlight non-supportive policy ecosystem, poor infrastructure and lack of R&D as the major barriers. It helps in understanding the direction of driving power and dependence relationship among the barriers. Timely action to remove these barriers will not only help managers but also helps in reducing the cost and achieving effective operation of port logistics.